Abstrakt

Nowadays, the popularity of label-free methods for the evaluation of all kinds of biological samples including whole cells and tissues has an upward trend. However, establishing a good measuring system with well-defined interaction with the analyte is of challenge. It requires selection of special biological structures and methods for their deposition on various surfaces without losing biological properties. In this case, it is necessary to select the appropriate interactions that can be measured using techniques routinely used in the solid-state physics and applying of special procedures for the study of biological objects. It has been well established that a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) plays a key role in bio interface science. The combination of QCM-D with other label-free methods like atomic force microscopy (AFM) or surface plasmon resonance (SPR) leads to the determination of several critical physicochemical parameters allowing the monitoring of biological systems at the interface. A great advantage of the above methods is conducting research in “in situ” conditions, which is of enormous importance in the case of biological systems. The kinetics of biomolecules adsorption and desorption can be determined, and consequently, both the association and dissociation constant of the system can be estimated, i.e., the system's parameters unattainable with other measurement methods. It should be emphasized that understanding model systems that are well-defined makes it possible to extrapolate knowledge to other systems with high application potential.